Automatic controller.



H. P'AULI. AUTOMATIC CONTROLLER. APPLICATION HLED OCT. 24,1914.

Patented Dec. 18, 1917.

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HERMAN PAULI, OF PEORIA, ILLINOIS.

AUTOMATIC CONTROLLER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 18, 1917.

Application filed October 24, 1914. Serial No. 868,444.

To all whom it may concern: y

Be it known that I, HERMAN PAULI, a c1t1- zen of the United States,residing at Peoria, in the county of Peoria and State of Illinois, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Automatic Controllers,of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to controlling switches and systems forelectrical translating devices, and particularly to controlling systemsand switches which are utilized for so controlling electric motors thatthey maybe started from rest and brought to op erating speedautomatically and under such conditlons as to avoid injury to either themotor or the starting apparatus.

The principal object of this invention is the production of acontrolling system for electric motors in which a suitable push buttonor master switch may be operated for forming a circuit for operating amotor as long as desired and then when the button or master switch isagain moved different circuits will be formed from those originallyformed whereby the motor will be brought to rest.

YVith the above and other objects in view this invention consists ofcertain novel com-' binations, constructions and arrangements of partsas will be hereinafter fully described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings Figure l is a side View of the controllingdevice, partially in section, showing the circuits diagrammatically andillustrating the circuits when the electric motor is in operation.

Fig. 2 is a view similar to that illustrated in Fig. 1 and showing thecircuits formed for stopping the electric motor. 7

It should first be understood that during the complete operation of thisautomatic controller system there will be formed four control circuits,an auxiliary circuit, a motor circuit, and an auxiliary motor circuit.Furthermore, it should be understood that there are two electric feedsfor the system which comprise the push button switch 1 and terminal 16for the control circuits, and 25 and 40 for the auxiliary circuit andthe auxiliary motor circuit. The terminals 55, V

54, 53, 52,.and 49 are connected to a suitable motor and are to supplythe electric current thereto for operating the same. The

motor current flows from the terminal 53,

over the conductor 53, to the resistance 9.

rent to pass through the entire resistance 9 before flowing over theconductor 52, to the terminal 52 and into the motor. Fur thermore, it isintended to have this resistance 9' of suflicient strength to decreasethe force of the current to such an extent as to prevent the same fromstarting the motor. It will be seen that the current which flows throughthe resistance 9 goes from the terminal 53 over the conductor 53 throughthe resistance 9' and over the conductor 52 to the terminal 52. It is,of course obvious' however, that as the plate 8" is moved upwardly itwill cut out the resistance and thus cause the current to flow moredirectly to the motor until the resistance is entirely out out, at whichtime the motor will be running at full. speed. A the plate 8 again movestoward the lower portions of the resistance, the resistance will beincreased thus slowing. the motor until the same finally stops. circuitwhich supplies the main feed to the motor and which runs the motor orfinally allowsthe motor to stop as the resistanceis increased.

The first control circuit is formed by the closing of the push buttonswitch 1, and at this time the first control circuit will be formed as.the current will flow from the push button switch 1 over the conductors2, 3, and 4, to the fixed contact points 5. Since the plate 7 carried bythe plate 8 will be resting at this time upon the points 5, since theplate 8 will be carried at the lowest portion of the resistance it willbe seen that the circuit willvbe closed through the points 5. Thecurrent, therefore, will flow over the conductor 6 to the double woundsolenoid 10, over the conductor 11, into the solenoid The foregoingcircuit is the motor 12. From the solenoid 12 the current flows over theconductor 13 to the fixed contact points 14 the circuit being closed atthis time by means of the plate 17 so that as the current passes overthe points 14 and plate 17 it will flow over the conductor 15 to theterminal 16 and in this manner the first control circuit is formed. Asthe current flows through the double wound solenoid 10 to the solenoid12 it will be seen that the solenoids will be energized so as to causethe cores 20 and 21 to be drawn thereinto. As the solenoids draw theircores upwardly it will be seen that the plates 22 and 23 of the cores 20and 21 respectively will be drawn upwardly into engagement with thecontact points 27 and 41, thereby forming the auxiliary circuit and thesecond control circuit.

As soon as the plate 22 engages the fixed points 27 the auxiliarycircuit will be formed. This auxiliary circuit flows from the terminal.25, over the conductor 24, through the fuse 26, to the contact points27. The circuit through these points being closed by the plate 22, thecurrent will fiow over the conductor 28 into the double wound solenoid10. This current will furthermore energize the double wound solenoidsulficiently to hold the core within the same, and in this manner keepthe circuit closed through the points 27. From this double woundsolenoid the current flows over the conductor 29 and branches so as toform a parallel circuit. The current which flows over the conductor 29flows into the solenoid 30 thereby energizing the same, and then flowsfrom this solenoid 30 over the conductor 31. The other branch flowingover the conductor 29 and conduct-or 34 leads to the accelerating magnet9. The current passing through the accelerating magnet 9 will energizethe same and may then pass from this magnet 9 over the conductor 35connected to the conductor 31, whereby the current will be again unitedand will pass to the contact points 32. In this manner it will be seenthat the plate 37 will be resting upon the points 32, and, therefore,the current will pass over the conductor 38 to the conductor 39 whichis'connected to the terminal 40, thereby causing the complete auxiliarycircuit to be formed. As the current flows through the acceleratingmagnet 9 it will be seen that the magnet 9 will be energized so as todraw the core 8 thereinto and as this core 8 is drawn thereinto theplate 8 will be drawn upwardly so as to cut out the resistance, wherebythe motor will be gradually started and will continue to run withincreasing speed until it is running at full speed, at which time theplate will be carried at the upper portion of the resistance, as shownin Fig. 1.

Furthermore, the energizing of the solenoid 30 by the auxiliary circuitwill cause this solenoid to be energized so as to draw the core 35thereinto, whereby the pivoted switch 45 will be drawn into engagementwith the contact point 45 carried by the conductor 24. This switch 45 isconnected to the conductor'48 so that a branch circuit will be formedwhich will be fed by the conductor 24. This branch circuit comprises anauxiliary motor circuit, since the conductor 48 extends to be connectedto the terminal 49, while the conductor 55 connected to the terminal 55supplies the shunt field circuit on the motor. The return for theterminals 49 and 55 is formed by the terminal 54, which is connected tothe conductor 39, whereby the cturent will be returned to the terminal40. At this time it will be seen that the motor will be running at fullspeed, since all of the resistance has been cut out, while the auxiliarycircuit will energize the magnet 9 and solenoid 30 so as to retain thecores within the magnet 9 and solenoid 30, whereby the motor will bertmning at full speed, while the auxiliary circuit will pass over theconductor 48 to the terminals 49 and 55.

It will be seen that as the plate 8 is moved upwardly as theresistan'ceis cut out it will elevate the plate 7, thereby breaking thecircuit through the contact points 5. As this plate 7, however, movesinto engagement with the points 45", the second control circuit isformed. 7 This second control circuit is formed without necessitatingthe movement of the push button switch 1, for at this time the switch 1will be in a closed position so as to allow the current to flow over theconductor 2, to the contact points Since the plate 23 is engaged bythese points because of the fact that the first con tro l circuit movesthe same into engagement with the points 41, the current will pass overthe points 41 and plate 23 so as to flow over the conductor 42 to theconductor 6, and then into the double wound solenoid 10. From thisdouble wound solenoid the current will flow over the conductor 11 intothe solenoid 12, and from the solenoid 12, over the conductor 13, to thepoints 14. The plate 17 while being in engagement with, these points 14will close the circuit so as to allow the current to flow therethroughover the conductor 15 to the terminal 16. As long as this second controlcircuit is continued it will be seen that the motor will be positivelyprevented from accidentally stopping, for at this time the secondcontrol circuit will be energizing the double wound solenoid 10 and thesolenoid 12, so that the auxiliary circuit will be formed for energizing the solenoid 30 and the accelerating magnet 9. Therefore, it will beseen that the motor will continue to run being fed by means of theterminal 53 while the current will be returned by the terminal 52.

When it is desired to stop the motor the switch 1 is opened, therebybreaking the second; control circuit. This action will cause thesolenoid 12 to become de'e'nergized, thus causing the plate 23 to moveinto engagement with the contact point 44:. It is, of course, obviousthat the auxiliary circuit is still closed and will energize the doublewound solenoid 10 to such an exent as to retain the core 20 therein,whereby the auxiliary circuit will continue unbroken. By the closing ofthe switch 1 at this time the third control circuit will be formed, atwhich time the current will pass over the switch 1, over the conductors2, 3, and t to one of the points From this point the current willcontinue to flow over the conductor l6 to the fixed points d5 since theplate 7 will at this time be forming a circuit in connection with thesepoints so that the current will flow from the points over the conductorl6 to the points it, and plate 23 and will then flow over the conductor47 to the solenoid 33. The current will then flow through the solenoid33 over the conductor 56 into the solenoid 19 and then from the solenoid19 over the conductor 57, to the conductor 15, and thence to theterminal 16. Thus the third control circuit will cause the solenoids 33and 19 to be energized, whereby the core 36 of the solenoid and the core18 of the solenoid 1.9 will be drawn into the same, thereby causing theplates 37 and 17 to be moved upwart 1y. This action will cause the plate3'? to disengage the points 32 thereby breaking the auxiliary circuitwhich flows from the terminal 25 and returns to the terminal L0,inasmuch as it is necessary in order to form this auxiliary circuit thatthe plate 37 engage the points 32. As this auxiliary circuit is brokenthe plate 3 will move toward the lowest portion of the resistance 9thereby causing the resistance to be increased for gradually stoppingthe motor. Furthermore, it will be seen that at this time the solenoid30 will become decnergized, thus causing the pivoting switch 15 todisengage the points; e5 whereby the auxiliary motor circuit and thefield shunt circuit will be broken. 3 s the switch is continued closedthe plates and 1'? will move to their high est poii s, at which time theplate 17 will engage he fixed contact points 51. This action will formthe fourth control circuit, and the current will flow through thiscircuit for pcsitively preventing the restarting of the motor as long asthe switch 1 is continuec in a closed position. The current from thisfourth control circuit flows from the switch 1. over the conductors 2and 3, to the fixed points 51. As long as the current J. I u

is closed through these points by means of the plate 17 which engagesthe same, the current will pass therefrom over the conductor 50 to theconductor 17. This conductor being connected to the solenoid 33, allowsthe current to flow into the solenoid 33 and then from the solenoid overthe conductor 56 to thesolenoid 19. From the solenoid 19 the currentflows over the conductor 5'? to the conductor 15 and thence to theterminal 16. Thus it will be seen that the solenoids 33 and 19 will beenergized for retaining the cores therein, whereby it will be impossiblefor the plate 19 to accidental y engage the points 32 or for the plate17 to disengage the points 51, which would accidentally break the fourthcontrol circuit. At this time the motor will be positively stopped andprevented from accidentally s arting again and consequently the systemwill be in the condition disclosed in 2, for at this timetheaccelerating magnet 1), the double wound solenoid 10, and the solenoidsl2 and 30 will be deenergized and, therefore, the plates of their coreswill be in the lowest positions, as will the switch l5.

i l hen it is again desired to start the motor, the fourth controlcircuit may be broken by the opening of the switch 1, which will causethe solenoids 19 and 33 to be deenergized causing their plates to moveclownwardly into i-ingagementwith the points 14 and 32 respectively.Then by again closing the switch 1 it will be seenthat the completeoperation as hereinbefore set forth will be repeated upon the successivemovements of the switch 1, the different solenoids, and the acceleratingmagnet. Therefore, by referring to Fig. 1 the condition of the systemwhen the motor is running at full speed is shown, while in Fig. 2 thecondition of the system when the fourth control circuit is operated andthe motor is positively stopped is disclosed.

From the foregoing description it will be seen that a very ellicientautomatic controller has been provided for starting and stopping motors,wherein the motor may be gradually started until its speed is increasedto its fullest capacity, and which may be gradually stopped by theformation of the various control circuits which operate the auxiliarycircuit, which in turn operates the motor circuit.

1 claim in the combination of a motor and an automatic controller of theclass described, a motor circuit, resistance provided upon said motorcircuit, an auxiliary circuit adapted to slowly eliminate saidresistance, plurality of control circuits adapted to regulate saidauxiliary circuit, said auxiliary circuit branching to form a parallelcircuit, a solenoid being energized by said parallel circuit so as toregulate a switch for the purpose of closing a circuit adapted to feedthe shunt field circuit of the motor, a plurality of control circuitsadapted to regulate said auxiliary circuit, part of, said controlcircuits adapted to ener ize a plurality of sclenoids for bringing intooperation said auxiliary circuit and the other part of said controlcircuits adapted to energize a plurality of solenoids so as to keep saidauxiliary circuit out of operation,

In testimony whereof I aliix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

HERMAN PAULI. Witnesses Miss ANNA E. PAULI, Mrs. F. PAULI.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Gommissioner of Patents. Washington I). C.

